Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

Which breathing pattern involves the use of accessory muscles?

1. Normal breathing

2. Increased accessory muscle use

3. Passive breathing

4. Deep diaphragmatic breathing

The correct answer is: Increased accessory muscle use

The correct response indicates a breathing pattern that significantly engages the accessory muscles, such as those in the neck, shoulders, and upper chest. This pattern is often observed in situations where the body faces increased respiratory demands, such as during exertion, stress, or respiratory distress. Accessory muscles become activated when the primary muscles of respiration (the diaphragm and intercostal muscles) are insufficient to meet the needs of the body, whether due to disease, injury, or heightened physical activity. The emphasis on accessory muscle use in this context reflects a physiological response to inadequate airflow or obstruction, highlighting the body's compensatory mechanisms when normal breathing is not sufficient to provide oxygen or eliminate carbon dioxide effectively.