Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

What treatments are appropriate for a closed head injury?

1. Immediate surgery

2. Oxygen and positive pressure ventilation

3. Ice application

4. Active mobilization

The correct answer is: Oxygen and positive pressure ventilation

For a closed head injury, administering oxygen and positive pressure ventilation is crucial because it ensures that the brain receives adequate oxygen supply, which is vital for its recovery. In cases of head injuries, especially closed ones, there is a risk of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and possible hypoxia (low levels of oxygen in the blood). By providing supplemental oxygen and using positive pressure ventilation, you can help maintain airway patency, improve oxygenation, and reduce potential complications related to inadequate breathing. The other treatments, while they may have specific uses in a broader context of head injuries, are not as directly relevant for managing a closed head injury. Immediate surgery might be necessary for penetrating injuries or significant brain swelling, but it's not a standard treatment for all closed head injuries. Ice application could be helpful for mild swelling but does not address the critical need for oxygen in acute situations. Active mobilization is generally discouraged in the case of head injuries because it may aggravate the injury or risk further complications. Hence, the use of oxygen and positive pressure ventilation stands out as the most appropriate treatment in this scenario.