Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

What does the term "paper bag effect" refer to in emergency medical situations?

1. Air trapped in the stomach during impact

2. Air trapped in the lungs being compressed

3. Air entering the blood stream during an injury

4. Air escaping from a lung after a puncture

The correct answer is: Air trapped in the lungs being compressed

The term "paper bag effect" refers to a situation where air becomes trapped in the lungs and is subsequently compressed, which can occur during specific traumatic incidents, such as significant chest wall injuries or air pressure changes. This phenomenon suggests that the lungs act somewhat like a paper bag that, when compressed, can create increased pressure and potential complications, such as impaired ventilation or injury to lung tissue. In emergency medical contexts, understanding this effect is crucial because the implications of trapped air can lead to severe respiratory distress and require immediate medical intervention. Recognizing that the lungs can be affected in this manner helps EMTs and medical professionals assess and manage respiratory emergencies effectively. This awareness enhances their ability to identify the appropriate treatments and anticipate possible complications in patients who may be experiencing trauma.